chemicals
Chemical substances are substances that have fixed compositions and their properties do not change, unless the bond between their constituent atoms is broken, they break into other particles and form new compounds, and this does not happen through physical changes.
Chemicals are divided into different categories and this is done through their properties and types of compounds.
All kinds of chemicals
Organic chemicals: Organic substances have carbon, oxygen and hydrogen atoms in their chemical formula. Such as: alcohol, ether, phthalate and benzene.
Inorganic chemicals: This category of chemicals consists of elements found in rocks or their altered forms. Minerals have relatively simpler molecular structures. Examples of mineral chemicals include metals such as iron, gold, mercury and even gases such as oxygen and nitrogen.
To get more familiar with the concept of laboratory and industrial chemicals, first we need to define the term grade.
What is the grade of chemicals?
The grade indicates the degree of purity of chemical substances, which is measured by various methods and becomes important according to the usage of each chemical substance. In some cases, it is necessary for the chemical substance to have a very high purity, and in some other cases, the high purity of the substance is not so necessary.
Types of grades of chemicals:
Analytical grade (more than 99% purity)
Laboratory grade (purity level 97%)
General grade (more than 95% purity)
Industrial grade (more than 90% purity)
Industrial chemicals
This category of chemical compounds is originally prepared and marketed for industrial use. Since different industries always need different types of chemicals, it is necessary to prepare and provide a significant amount of them according to industrial needs. Among the industries that widely use all kinds of chemicals, we can mention the petrochemical industry, pharmaceutical industry, food industry, cosmetics production, etc. Industrial chemicals themselves are divided into two groups, organic substances and mineral substances, whose general difference is in their origin.
Industrial grade materials have more impurity than other chemicals, unlike laboratory chemicals which are of high purity. Of course, the amount of impurity of each of these materials is different from the other according to its exact application in the industry. High-purity samples are also available for industrial applications, but often low-purity industrial chemicals are marketed and this is in line with the needs of various industries.
Industrial chemicals in quantities of more than 40 and even 1000 kg are packaged and sold in a standardized manner and in compliance with safety precautions. It should be noted that the price of industrial chemicals is much lower than laboratory chemicals.
The experience of Exin Pars process company regarding chemicals
Hydrosulfite
Sodium hydrosulfite (Na2S2O4), which is also called sodium dithionite, is a crystalline and cream-brown powder with a weak sulfur smell. Although stable in the absence of air, sodium hydrosulfite decomposes in hot water and acidic solutions.
Sodium hydrosulfite is a pulp bleaching agent in the paper production process, and it is expected that the demand for the production of this chemical will increase until 2024. This substance is produced in the industry by reducing sulfur dioxide and cannot be stored for a long time because it decomposes quickly.
This chemical compound is produced by various processes such as zinc dust waste process, amalgam process and formate process. These three processes are primarily used to produce sodium hydrosulfite.
Zinc dust and amalgam waste processes accounted for approximately 80% of global production of this material in 2014. All applications of sodium hydrosulfite are due to its excellent reducing ability, this material shows reducing properties in acidic environment and warm atmosphere.
Carbon Equi
Activated carbon contains carbon and has high absorption and porosity. Its complex structure is made of carbon atoms. This type of hole network in carbon black is a set of channels that are inside a strong skeleton of irregular layers of carbon atoms connected to each other by chemical bonds. This type of composition is placed non-parallel on the surface and creates a structure of cracks, cracks and ridges with high porosity between the carbon layers. Activated carbon and garnet play an important role in water purification.
Application of activated charcoal
This type of carbon can be used in various industries due to its chemical and physical structure. In this part of Ara Seng Elvand site, we have explained the properties and uses of this valuable element.
gas purification
Separating oil from compressed air in industrial complexes
Separation of pollutants from ventilation systems
Activated carbon in the mask (as a layer on the n95 mask)
Cigarette filter
Gas masks
in the catalyst as an operating medium
Separation of pollutants from the vehicle and exhaust system to remove impurities
Separation of pollutants from chimneys in waste incineration plants
Eliminating the smell from the exhaust air of the kitchen hood and refrigerator filter
Active carbon in the purification of H25 and BTX natural gases
Titanium dioxide
Titanium Dioxide is a natural mineral that is extracted from the earth and then processed and refined for use in various consumer products. It is also known as titanium (IV) oxide or titania in the world. This chemical compound consists of titanium metal and oxygen.
Titanium dioxide is widely used in the production of many products from paint and food to medicines and cosmetics. Also, this chemical compound is used in some sunscreen products as a way to protect the skin from the sun’s harmful ultraviolet rays.